It is considered to be the predominant risk factor in laryngeal cancer.

Alcohol

Excessive use increases the risk of development of cancer of the larynx 5 times

Results of a study found that all laborers except agricultural and factory workers were at greater risk than professionals for developing laryngeal carcinoma.

Of the specific occupational exposures reported, the ones most likely to be related to the development of laryngeal cancer were asbestos, wood dust, cement dust, and tar products.

Additional risk factors include exposure to dust and gas in polluted work environments.

Diet and Vitamin Deficiency

It has been suggested that the consumption of fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and supplemental vitamins may protect against laryngeal cancer.

Beta-carotene may protect against the development of laryngeal cancer.

Results of a studies showed that when low levels of both vitamin A and vitamin C were ingested, the relative risk for the development of laryngeal cancer was increased.

Viral Risk Factors

Results of studies indicated that 21% of patients with adult-onset laryngeal papilloma (a wart-like growth on the larynx) developed cancer of the vocal tract and esophogus.